Rat-bite fever is a potentially severe infection that is caused by bites or scratches from infected rodents. This illness is also called streptobacillary fever, spirillary fever, and Haverhill fever. Symptoms of this disease include fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, and rash. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as endocarditis and meningitis. To prevent rat-bite fever, it is important to avoid contact with wild rodents and properly handle pet rodents. If you suspect that you may have this infection after being in contact with rodents, seek medical attention immediately. Early treatment with antibiotics can help prevent serious complications.