Pentothals, also known by the generic name thiopental, is a short-acting barbiturate drug used to induce anesthesia. Other synonyms for pentothals include sodium thiopental, barbitone sodium, and thiopentone. Pentothals work by depressing the central nervous system, causing temporary loss of consciousness and muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. This drug is also used in lethal injections for capital punishment in some countries. Despite its effectiveness in anesthesia and lethal injections, pentothals are not commonly used in medical practice due to their potential for addiction and dependence. Other alternatives like propofol and etomidate have replaced pentothals for their shorter duration of action and lesser side effects.