The mandibular canal is a bony canal that runs through the mandible or lower jaw. It is sometimes also referred to as the inferior dental canal, inferior alveolar canal, or mandibular nerve canal. These terms all refer to the same structure, but are used interchangeably depending on the context. The mandibular canal houses the inferior alveolar nerve, which provides sensory innervation to the lower teeth and gingiva. It also provides motor innervation to the muscles responsible for chewing. Familiarity with these different terms can help medical professionals communicate clearly with colleagues and patients about the specific anatomy and function of this important structure.